Pore condensation and freezing is responsible for ice formation below water saturation for porous particles

David, Robert O.; Marcolli, Claudia; Fahrni, Jonas; Qiu, Yuqing; Perez Sirkin, Yamila A.; Molinero, Valeria; Mahrt, Fabian; Brühwiler, Dominik; Lohmann, Ulrike; Kanji, Zamin A.

doi:10.21256/zhaw-3312

Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://doi.org/10.21256/zhaw-3312

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DC Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	David, Robert O.	-
dc.contributor.author	Marcolli, Claudia	-
dc.contributor.author	Fahrni, Jonas	-
dc.contributor.author	Qiu, Yuqing	-
dc.contributor.author	Perez Sirkin, Yamila A.	-
dc.contributor.author	Molinero, Valeria	-
dc.contributor.author	Mahrt, Fabian	-
dc.contributor.author	Brühwiler, Dominik	-
dc.contributor.author	Lohmann, Ulrike	-
dc.contributor.author	Kanji, Zamin A.	-
dc.date.accessioned	2019-04-26T17:28:36Z	-
dc.date.available	2019-04-26T17:28:36Z	-
dc.date.issued	2019	-
dc.identifier.issn	0027-8424	de_CH
dc.identifier.issn	1091-6490	de_CH
dc.identifier.uri	https://digitalcollection.zhaw.ch/handle/11475/16910	-
dc.description.abstract	Ice nucleation in the atmosphere influences cloud properties, altering precipitation and the radiative balance, ultimately regulating Earth's climate. An accepted ice nucleation pathway, known as deposition nucleation, assumes a direct transition of water from the vapor to the ice phase, without an intermediate liquid phase. However, studies have shown that nucleation occurs through a liquid phase in porous particles with narrow cracks or surface imperfections where the condensation of liquid below water saturation can occur, questioning the validity of deposition nucleation. We show that deposition nucleation cannot explain the strongly enhanced ice nucleation efficiency of porous compared with nonporous particles at temperatures below -40 °C and the absence of ice nucleation below water saturation at -35 °C. Using classical nucleation theory (CNT) and molecular dynamics simulations (MDS), we show that a network of closely spaced pores is necessary to overcome the barrier for macroscopic ice-crystal growth from narrow cylindrical pores. In the absence of pores, CNT predicts that the nucleation barrier is insurmountable, consistent with the absence of ice formation in MDS. Our results confirm that pore condensation and freezing (PCF), i.e., a mechanism of ice formation that proceeds via liquid water condensation in pores, is a dominant pathway for atmospheric ice nucleation below water saturation. We conclude that the ice nucleation activity of particles in the cirrus regime is determined by the porosity and wettability of pores. PCF represents a mechanism by which porous particles like dust could impact cloud radiative forcing and, thus, the climate via ice cloud formation.	de_CH
dc.language.iso	en	de_CH
dc.publisher	National Academy of Sciences	de_CH
dc.relation.ispartof	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America	de_CH
dc.rights	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/	de_CH
dc.subject	Cirrus	de_CH
dc.subject	Cloud	de_CH
dc.subject	Deposition nucleation	de_CH
dc.subject	Ice nucleation	de_CH
dc.subject	Pore condensation and freezing	de_CH
dc.subject.ddc	551: Geologie und Hydrologie	de_CH
dc.title	Pore condensation and freezing is responsible for ice formation below water saturation for porous particles	de_CH
dc.type	Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift	de_CH
dcterms.type	Text	de_CH
zhaw.departement	Life Sciences und Facility Management	de_CH
zhaw.organisationalunit	Institut für Chemie und Biotechnologie (ICBT)	de_CH
dc.identifier.doi	10.21256/zhaw-3312	-
dc.identifier.doi	10.1073/pnas.1813647116	de_CH
dc.identifier.pmid	30948638	de_CH
zhaw.funding.eu	No	de_CH
zhaw.issue	17	de_CH
zhaw.originated.zhaw	Yes	de_CH
zhaw.pages.end	8189	de_CH
zhaw.pages.start	8184	de_CH
zhaw.publication.status	publishedVersion	de_CH
zhaw.volume	116	de_CH
zhaw.publication.review	Peer review (Publikation)	de_CH
zhaw.funding.snf	156581	de_CH
zhaw.webfeed	Funktionsmaterialien und Nanotechnologie	de_CH
zhaw.webfeed	Polymerchemie	de_CH
zhaw.funding.zhaw	Untersuchung der Eisbildungsmechanismen in der Atmosphäre	de_CH
Appears in collections:	Publikationen Life Sciences und Facility Management

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David, R. O., Marcolli, C., Fahrni, J., Qiu, Y., Perez Sirkin, Y. A., Molinero, V., Mahrt, F., Brühwiler, D., Lohmann, U., & Kanji, Z. A. (2019). Pore condensation and freezing is responsible for ice formation below water saturation for porous particles. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 116(17), 8184–8189. https://doi.org/10.21256/zhaw-3312

David, R.O. et al. (2019) ‘Pore condensation and freezing is responsible for ice formation below water saturation for porous particles’, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 116(17), pp. 8184–8189. Available at: https://doi.org/10.21256/zhaw-3312.

R. O. David et al., “Pore condensation and freezing is responsible for ice formation below water saturation for porous particles,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 116, no. 17, pp. 8184–8189, 2019, doi: 10.21256/zhaw-3312.

DAVID, Robert O., Claudia MARCOLLI, Jonas FAHRNI, Yuqing QIU, Yamila A. PEREZ SIRKIN, Valeria MOLINERO, Fabian MAHRT, Dominik BRÜHWILER, Ulrike LOHMANN und Zamin A. KANJI, 2019. Pore condensation and freezing is responsible for ice formation below water saturation for porous particles. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2019. Bd. 116, Nr. 17, S. 8184–8189. DOI 10.21256/zhaw-3312

David, Robert O., Claudia Marcolli, Jonas Fahrni, Yuqing Qiu, Yamila A. Perez Sirkin, Valeria Molinero, Fabian Mahrt, Dominik Brühwiler, Ulrike Lohmann, and Zamin A. Kanji. 2019. “Pore Condensation and Freezing Is Responsible for Ice Formation below Water Saturation for Porous Particles.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 116 (17): 8184–89. https://doi.org/10.21256/zhaw-3312.

David, Robert O., et al. “Pore Condensation and Freezing Is Responsible for Ice Formation below Water Saturation for Porous Particles.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 116, no. 17, 2019, pp. 8184–89, https://doi.org/10.21256/zhaw-3312.