Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://doi.org/10.21256/zhaw-27239
Publication type: Article in scientific journal
Type of review: Peer review (publication)
Title: Reliability, construct validity and completeness of the "Winterthur Observation Protocol" applied to early intervention in pediatric physiotherapy using coaching
Authors: Akhbari Ziegler, Schirin
Suárez, Ximena
et. al: No
DOI: 10.1080/01942638.2023.2181724
10.21256/zhaw-27239
Published in: Physical & Occupational Therapy In Pediatrics
Volume(Issue): 43
Issue: 5
Page(s): 596
Pages to: 610
Issue Date: 23-Feb-2023
Publisher / Ed. Institution: Taylor & Francis
ISSN: 0194-2638
1541-3144
Language: English
Subjects: Coaching approach; Winterthur Observation Protocol; Infant; Pediatric physical therapy; Psychometric property
Subject (DDC): 618.92: Pediatrics
Abstract: Aim: To assess intra- and inter-rater reliability, construct validity and completeness of the “Winterthur Observation Protocol” (WOP). Methods: Intra-rater and inter-rater reliability were calculated with the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) with 95% confidence intervals and Cohens’s kappa coefficient based on 18 5-min sequences from six video-recorded early intervention sessions rated by two assessors. Construct validity was based on an increase of coaching over time (three video-recorded sessions) in six therapists during a course on coaching techniques. WOP’s completeness – the capacity to cover at least 95% of the specific coaching strategies – was assessed based on 18 video-recorded sessions. Results: Intra-rater reliability was excellent: ICCs of continuous variables varied from .87 to 1.0; the kappa-value of categorical variables was 0.90. Inter-rater reliability was sufficient to excellent: ICCs of continuous variables were .47–1.0; the kappa-value of categorical variables was .89, indicating excellent intra-rater reliability. Increasing application of coaching behavior during the course provided evidence of construct validity. More than 95% of the specific coaching strategies could be scored with the WOP. Conclusion: The WOP is a promising instrument to quantify the contents of early intervention approaches in pediatric physical therapy using coaching. Results must be interpreted with caution due to limited generalizability.
URI: https://digitalcollection.zhaw.ch/handle/11475/27239
Fulltext version: Published version
License (according to publishing contract): CC BY-NC-ND 4.0: Attribution - Non commercial - No derivatives 4.0 International
Departement: School of Health Sciences
Organisational Unit: Institute of Physiotherapy (IPT)
Appears in collections:Publikationen Gesundheit

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Akhbari Ziegler, S., & Suárez, X. (2023). Reliability, construct validity and completeness of the “Winterthur Observation Protocol” applied to early intervention in pediatric physiotherapy using coaching. Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics, 43(5), 596–610. https://doi.org/10.1080/01942638.2023.2181724
Akhbari Ziegler, S. and Suárez, X. (2023) ‘Reliability, construct validity and completeness of the ‘Winterthur Observation Protocol’ applied to early intervention in pediatric physiotherapy using coaching’, Physical & Occupational Therapy In Pediatrics, 43(5), pp. 596–610. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/01942638.2023.2181724.
S. Akhbari Ziegler and X. Suárez, “Reliability, construct validity and completeness of the “Winterthur Observation Protocol” applied to early intervention in pediatric physiotherapy using coaching,” Physical & Occupational Therapy In Pediatrics, vol. 43, no. 5, pp. 596–610, Feb. 2023, doi: 10.1080/01942638.2023.2181724.
AKHBARI ZIEGLER, Schirin und Ximena SUÁREZ, 2023. Reliability, construct validity and completeness of the „Winterthur Observation Protocol“ applied to early intervention in pediatric physiotherapy using coaching. Physical & Occupational Therapy In Pediatrics. 23 Februar 2023. Bd. 43, Nr. 5, S. 596–610. DOI 10.1080/01942638.2023.2181724
Akhbari Ziegler, Schirin, and Ximena Suárez. 2023. “Reliability, Construct Validity and Completeness of the “Winterthur Observation Protocol” Applied to Early Intervention in Pediatric Physiotherapy Using Coaching.” Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics 43 (5): 596–610. https://doi.org/10.1080/01942638.2023.2181724.
Akhbari Ziegler, Schirin, and Ximena Suárez. “Reliability, Construct Validity and Completeness of the “Winterthur Observation Protocol” Applied to Early Intervention in Pediatric Physiotherapy Using Coaching.” Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics, vol. 43, no. 5, Feb. 2023, pp. 596–610, https://doi.org/10.1080/01942638.2023.2181724.


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